Eulerian and Lagrangian transport by shallow-water breaking waves

This study examines the mass and Lagrangian transport, kinematic dynamic characteristics of shallow-water breaking waves, focusing on wave breaking, jet impingement processes. A multiphase Navier–Stokes flow model has been developed to track origin trajectory for splash-up using both a geometric piece-wise linear interface calculation volume-of-fluid (PLIC-VOF) particle tracking approaches. The is first validated quantitatively qualitatively against experimental data plunging during in which good agreement obtained. transport are studied new multi-component PLIC-VOF approach, different regions interior tracked an Eulerian way. Both horizontal vertical drifts surface particles shown particles. location can be clearly seen from simulations. Various steepness beach slopes have investigated types breakers. Furthermore, detailed impingement, velocity, pressure, vorticity, turbulence fields discussed presented, providing more gain further insight into waves.